Project 1: Biryani Order API — Complete CRUD

Now let's implement the CRUD operations for our Biryani model. CRUD stands for Create, Read, Update, Delete — the four basic operations of persistent storage.

Biryani Model:

// models/Biryani.js — Biryani Mongoose Schema
import mongoose from 'mongoose';

const biryaniSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
  name: {
    type: String,
    required: [true, 'Biryani ka name daalo bhai!'],
    trim: true,
    maxlength: [100, 'Name itna lamba nahi hota!']
  },
  price: {
    type: Number,
    required: [true, 'Price daalo bhai!'],
    min: [10, 'Itni sasti biryani? Min Rs.10'],
    max: [5000, 'Itni mehngi biryani? Max Rs.5000']
  },
  category: {
    type: String,
    required: true,
    enum: ['Chicken', 'Mutton', 'Veg', 'Fish', 'Beef']
  },
  description: { type: String, default: 'Delicious Hyderabadi biryani!' },
  isAvailable: { type: Boolean, default: true },
  rating: { type: Number, default: 4.5, min: 1, max: 5 },
  photoUrl: { type: String, default: '' }
}, { timestamps: true });

export default mongoose.model('Biryani', biryaniSchema);

Biryani Controller — Complete CRUD:

// controllers/biryani.controller.js — Biryani CRUD Logic
import Biryani from '../models/Biryani.js';
import AppError from '../utils/AppError.js';
import asyncHandler from '../utils/asyncHandler.js';

// GET /api/biryanis — Read all biryanis
export const getAllBiryanis = asyncHandler(async (req, res) => {
  const { category, page = 1, limit = 10 } = req.query;

  const query = {};
  if (category) query.category = category;

  const biryanis = await Biryani.find(query)
    .skip((page - 1) * limit)
    .limit(limit)
    .sort('-createdAt');

  const total = await Biryani.countDocuments(query);

  res.json({
    success: true,
    count: biryanis.length,
    total,
    page: parseInt(page),
    totalPages: Math.ceil(total / limit),
    data: biryanis
  });
});

// GET /api/biryanis/:id — Read single biryani
export const getBiryani = asyncHandler(async (req, res, next) => {
  const biryani = await Biryani.findById(req.params.id);
  if (!biryani) {
    throw new AppError('Biryani not found! Yeh biryani exist nahi karti 🍔', 404);
  }
  res.json({ success: true, data: biryani });
});

// POST /api/biryanis — Create new biryani
export const createBiryani = asyncHandler(async (req, res) => {
  const biryani = await Biryani.create(req.body);
  res.status(201).json({
    success: true,
    message: biryani.name + ' menu mein add ho gaya! 🎉',
    data: biryani
  });
});

// PUT /api/biryanis/:id — Update biryani
export const updateBiryani = asyncHandler(async (req, res, next) => {
  const biryani = await Biryani.findByIdAndUpdate(
    req.params.id,
    req.body,
    { new: true, runValidators: true }
  );
  if (!biryani) {
    throw new AppError('Biryani not found! Update nahi kar sakte 🍔', 404);
  }
  res.json({
    success: true,
    message: biryani.name + ' updated successfully! ✏️',
    data: biryani
  });
});

// DELETE /api/biryanis/:id — Delete biryani
export const deleteBiryani = asyncHandler(async (req, res, next) => {
  const biryani = await Biryani.findByIdAndDelete(req.params.id);
  if (!biryani) {
    throw new AppError('Biryani not found! Delete nahi kar sakte 🍔', 404);
  }
  res.json({
    success: true,
    message: biryani.name + ' delete ho gaya! 🗑️'
  });
});

Biryani Routes:

// routes/biryani.routes.js — Biryani CRUD Routes
import express from 'express';
import {
  getAllBiryanis, getBiryani,
  createBiryani, updateBiryani, deleteBiryani
} from '../controllers/biryani.controller.js';
import { protect, authorize } from '../middleware/auth.middleware.js';

const router = express.Router();

// Public routes
router.get('/', getAllBiryanis);
router.get('/:id', getBiryani);

// Protected routes (admin/restaurant only)
router.post('/', protect, authorize('admin', 'restaurant'), createBiryani);
router.put('/:id', protect, authorize('admin', 'restaurant'), updateBiryani);
router.delete('/:id', protect, authorize('admin'), deleteBiryani);

export default router;

The CRUD pattern is universal: Every resource in a REST API follows the same CRUD pattern. Once you learn it for Biryani, you can apply it to Users, Orders, Restaurants, or any other resource.